用三次樣條插值求斜率 三次樣條插值的matlabt程序function x=followup(a,b,c,d)n=length(d);- Q3 L, J3 H1 n( g$ L, w3 v( ]0 [ a(1)=0; %“追”的過程. h2 G0 `! {6 |. e7 q9 R L(1)=b(1); y(1)=d(1)/L(1); u(1)=c(1)/L(1);1 _2 P2 Q: k- P4 N9 _ for i=2 ![]() L(i)=b(i)-a(i)*u(i-1); y(i)=(d(i)-y(i-1)*a(i))/L(i);7 m! w0 Q) _3 Q! A% ~ u(i)=c(i)/L(i);% u V- C' @( `, \4 e end5 C/ `, u5 S' c& C) Q6 r L(n)=b(n)-a(n)*u(n-1); y(n)=(d(n)-y(n-1)*a(n))/L(n); [* o" D( P! I5 \4 ]2 n6 E4 T %“趕”的過程 b6 G( z& {4 S5 S7 H/ q0 Q- w1 f x(n)=y(n); for i=(n-1):-1:1 x(i)=y(i)-u(i)*x(i+1);/ l3 _" o3 k- b end 4 q Y7 Y/ W1 c, J3 j1 B function[s,y0]=spline3 (x,y,x0) %x,y為數(shù)表x0為插值點(diǎn)s表示插值函數(shù)y0為x0對應(yīng)的插值函數(shù)值 syms t n=length(x); %得出n. V, L+ a7 j! f2 V for i=1:n-1; h(i)=x(i+1)-x(i); end; \ E- M+ e; N2 k0 [* n* H for i=2:n-1;. I2 u8 A) A( ^, |- e lamda(i)=h(i)/(h(i-1)+h(i)); miu(i)=1-lamda(i);" {$ b) U' n. g3 d* J# K g(i)=3*(lamda(i)*((y(i)-y(i-1))/h(i-1))+miu(i)*((y(i+1)-y(i))/h(i))); end9 h2 }! S& V7 m! L% K g(1)=3*((y(2)-y(1))/h(1)); g(n)=3*((y(n)-y(n-1))/h(n-1));; W: w' Q0 ]/ b3 K- H$ c' K, L& J %前邊求出lamda miu和g從而可以確定系數(shù)矩陣 miu(1)=1;( a K& f$ i4 q& ~* | s miu(4)=0;8 `" {" O9 }- v1 Q) Y( Z5 q lamda(n)=1; lamda(1)=0;' x( P; \" V& X$ E, G %根據(jù)第二邊界條件補(bǔ)充兩個(gè)lamda和miu的值0 ]- {$ }* R N' L3 I for i=1:n beta(i)=2; end8 A$ ?* A2 Y( Q( @ m=followup(lamda,beta,miu,g) %解出m的值從而可確定st st為各段的插值多項(xiàng)式 for i=1:n-1- i' `: s5 V4 y5 @9 q( t st(i)=(t-x(i+1))^2*(h(i)+2*(t-x(i)))*y(i)/(h(i)^3)... +(t-x(i))^2*(h(i)+2*(x(i+1)-t))*y(i+1)/(h(i)^3)...& j2 b8 ?" z; u. Y1 ~! H$ y1 T3 X +(t-x(i))^2*(t-x(i+1))*m(i+1)/(h(i)^2)... +(t-x(i+1))^2*(t-x(i))*m(i)/(h(i)^2); end %得到插值的結(jié)果各段的t的表達(dá)式 %接下來要將插值點(diǎn)x0代入首先確定x0所在的插值區(qū)間 for i=1:n-1# s# i7 A# x; l) b) m ?/ ]( n5 O if (x(i)>x0)$ O9 Y% T4 m$ t+ } in=i;: S: T( _& U8 ^* |* e, B end end s=st(in); o. n2 L. a- B8 D | s=expand(s);7 l( l g' a* P4 F0 J& _ s=collect(s,'t'); y0=subs(s,'t',x0) %s是插值多項(xiàng)式y(tǒng)0是插值點(diǎn)的函數(shù)值 + b3 I; Y, c8 z" y0 q' _ 在matlab中輸入# y H" Y5 d& b6 | x=[1 2 4 5],; y=[1 3 4 2]; spline3(x,y,2) & l8 y3 Z+ `6 C' p' S4 K會(huì)得到各點(diǎn)的斜率 8 m2 Z$ l! V% I5 \7 x ! L% Y' [ k2 l" B, N |
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