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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.5 b/ M3 z# B& ]6 A5 n! V- F
昨天我看了一個TED演講,來自新西蘭的語言學(xué)家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學(xué)習(xí)的方法,。在評估了所有語言學(xué)習(xí)的研究之后,,他總結(jié)出了5個原則、7個行動,。他相信只要遵從這5個原則,、踐行這7個行動,任何人都能在6個月內(nèi)學(xué)會一種外語,。
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The five principles are:1 }+ p" a. f ?- x0 K
5個原則:/ {+ E) N' i% x! X
1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
/ ]4 E- h8 C- v( I# ], l6 h4 P; V專注和你日常相關(guān)的語言內(nèi)容,。: s% R% \+ s1 p# n% x
2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.2 ?& p& d+ H9 Z8 _$ y9 [" N
從學(xué)習(xí)這門語言的第一天開始,就把它當做你的交流方式,。
: A" C; f$ z, W0 X5 ^ i3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.
- N/ d. ^! B4 ~2 q! M當你明白含義之后,,你會慢慢不知不覺地習(xí)得這門語言。
% I! X4 `( m5 x+ b( h5 u4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.# @! g0 E1 B2 W3 x: F- ~2 r& K
語言學(xué)習(xí)不是大量知識的積累,,而更像是一種生理訓(xùn)練,。; o: g: i. k- g' r0 o& q
5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.
2 l# Z) J6 F1 G( E心理狀態(tài)和生理狀態(tài)都很重要:你需要愉快、放松,,最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性,。對于細枝末節(jié)不要過于糾結(jié),因為那會把你逼瘋的,。: a, x4 S4 e3 a( f# x: z
' g6 k' G' |; B9 L7 b, p KThe seven actions are:
! a+ @0 Q: b2 Q" j) Z+ a5 l7個行動:8 K! X; ?4 G) C2 X; u8 v
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.
0 Q8 u$ A0 Y3 Z' G6 |* n7 X) t多聽——理解與否不重要,,盡管去聽吧!去聽聽語言節(jié)奏和說話模式,。1 Z3 X1 }, v: }, S
2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.
" N U8 q7 [! T0 P9 z- D先專注理解整體意思,,再弄清單詞含義。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助。7 a7 J0 F& f) M+ A% b! q8 B
3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
2 i, b. d( w, R開始混合,,創(chuàng)造話語并使用你所學(xué)到的一切,。; j- [9 z& i0 E5 z/ `$ g5 X, f
4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more7 p/ g( G& n2 U1 K7 ]
把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯,利用你已經(jīng)學(xué)會的東西學(xué)到更多,。2 Q* {! ], J& y7 t# o% T+ N( p3 C, w* f
5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.; _1 Q2 U K& w2 d, f; t- j
找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人,,或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人。注意,,語伴不會糾正你的錯誤,,但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現(xiàn)做出反饋,。
" p, Q# P. } g4 {) N6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.; U+ u1 S. E- u
模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學(xué)習(xí)的新語言,,你要觀看他們講話,觀察他們的面部表情,、尤其是講話時的嘴型,。
7 S3 s, [& t6 a, h @% l) j7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.8 K( S# V2 P, ^% {! \' ^; I4 P
在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯(lián)系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內(nèi)部表象產(chǎn)生直接聯(lián)系。 |
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