這篇日志,,是老鷹,他喚起我重新思考對于MRO的概念和實踐,。我希望這次不要停下來思考并希望越多的人參與進來,。
不想把我的想法直接發(fā)到帖子上,,是因為我還不夠自信,不敢說認識多少,,但同時又希望自己是那個敢于說皇帝沒有穿衣服的人是我,。呵呵,VP說我心智還不夠成熟,。,。。
MRO的個人實踐在2010.12.31嘎然而止,,原因來自我對前份工作的認識,,感悟,憤怒,,與管理人員的沖突和不解,,重新審視自己和自己的認識,才得到了如下的感悟,,是否成熟和具備實踐價值,,我希望高人點破。沒有討論的人,,恐怕我這篇日志只會變成喃喃自語,。
言歸正傳,讓我們看看,,MRO是什么,,Maintenance, Repair, Overhaul(Operation),其中概念也可以延展到MROP,P指Production.中文意思就是,,維護維修保養(yǎng),生產和運作,。
http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/MRO
MRO相對OEM而言
OEM我們都知道是原始設備制造商,,基本是我生產,你貼牌,,我不參與到你的下一個活動層次,,組裝,銷售,,物流倉儲,,也就是我們常說的配套生產,是設備零部件生產商最主要的業(yè)績目標市場,而其MRO環(huán)節(jié)是售后維修,,后市場,,如果數字可以代表MRO的份額,請記住20%,,有一個原則很有名,,意大利的帕累托法則(Pareto Principle)。世界真奇妙,,有很多巧合,。。,。http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/80/20%E6%B3%95%E5%88%99
MRO屬于一切產業(yè)
與生產制造相關的,,不論是機械,機電,,純電子還是化工,,MRO即屬于第一,第二產業(yè),,同時也屬于第三產業(yè),,即服務業(yè),也就是工業(yè)分銷行業(yè),。MRO概念的提出,,個人認為是歐美市場對于細分市場和功能部門像采購供應部門細化分工,以提高工作效率為目的的發(fā)展的必然,。這個沒有可爭論的,,沒有說有中國特色和美國特色之說。市場證明的,。
第一產業(yè)和第二產業(yè)有農業(yè)和工業(yè),,外企在華企業(yè)有很多MRO Buyer和MRO Sourcing Team,不是我說的現在國內MRO采購呈現外包的趨勢,在于只有將企業(yè)核心競爭力留在企業(yè)內部,,非核心盡量外包出去的企業(yè)一般都是世界500強,,呵呵。國內企業(yè)比較少,,那是因為船小根本不需要纖夫,。(不知道比喻的恰不恰當 :))坐在,哪怕站在船上的要買票不是,,人力成本高,,岸上跑得為了那點生活資費,辛苦的就是我們了,。
談幾個認識
國內工業(yè)分銷發(fā)展階段
1,、物資公司-國營進出口公司
2,、外貿公司-進口代理(多源自大如新加坡,香港,,臺灣等)
看看周邊的品牌代理,,他們的背景,民營的老板都是改革開放以來,,在外貿,,進口和行業(yè)國營銷售公司的從事工作的人,如果不是,,很多也是境外的代理在國內業(yè)務的延續(xù),。
概念歸概念,我不會總結,,心里有餃子,,卻不能吃,也倒不出來,。這是我VP批評我的,,不要太務虛...
MRO呈現的發(fā)展趨勢
1、產品越來越多(產品集成化,,一站式,,雖然我很討厭這個詞)
2、涵蓋領域越來越廣(看似航空MRO是一個比較高端的行業(yè))
3,、公司呈現航母發(fā)展模式
4,、全球采購
5、電子商務化
6,、電子網絡采購便利程度
7,、MRO采購外包
MRO的概念需要我引述一個案例,MDM(Modern Distribution Management 現代分銷管理,,是GALE MEDIA的的研究機構)的資料,,2010 TOP 40 US Distributors 以及2011 TOP List
MDM,我著重介紹一下,,MDM隸屬于GALE MEDIA,,是美國知名出版社之一,和MCGILL HILL齊名
About MDM, http://www.mdm.com/about MDM著力于研究批發(fā)分銷市場,,美國市場的分銷研究,,其中也包括電子商務,
http://www.mdm.com/2010_industrial_mdm-market-leaders
Methodology
Here's the list of top distributors in the industrial sector:
- Wolseley

Headquarters: Reading, United Kingdom
2009 Revenues: $22.9 billion
Change in Sales from 2008: -2.5%
建材
UK-based Wolseley, a distributor of heating, plumbing, PVF and building materials in Europe and North America
- HD Supply

Headquarters: Atlanta, GA
2009 Revenues: $7.4 billion
Change in Sales from 2008:-24%
供水系統(tǒng),,建筑,工廠建造
- Grainger

Headquarters: Chicago, IL
2009 Revenues: $6.2 billion
Change in Sales from 2008: -9.2%
Grainger is seen as both a partner in the supply chain and a stiff competitor, sometimes by the same company. (Read: The
Secret to Being Grainger) The distributor has grown by acquisition over the past year, not only with some small purchases
in the U.S. and Canada, but with some larger moves overseas. The distributor bought majority ownership in two joint ventures
in India and Japan in 2009. Grainger has also expanded its catalog again in 2009 and 2010. The distributor's catalog now has
more than 300,000 items. And its website, grainger.com (recently redesigned), offers more than 500,000 products.
- Airgas
- McJunkin Red Man Corp.
- Motion Industries
- McMaster Carr
- Applied Industrial Technologies
- Fastenal
- Wilson Industries
- Sonepar Industrial (with Hagemeyer)
- WinWholesale Inc.
- MSC Industrial Supply Co.
- Interline Brands
- Wurth - Americas
- Kaman Industrial Technologies
- F.W. Webb
- DXP Enterprises
- Barnes Logistics and Manufacturing Services
- BDI
- Lawson Products
- Bossard
- Turtle & Hughes
- Industrial Distribution Group
- Kinecor LP
- Lewis-Goetz & Co. Inc.
- DGI Supply, a DoAll Company
- RS Hughes Co.
- Gas and Supply Co.
- Perry Supply Inc.
- Hisco
- Canadian Bearings Ltd.
- Strategic Distribution (SDI)
- Tencarva Machinery Co.
- FCX Performance Inc.
- Womack Machine Supply Co.
- Kimball Midwest
- IBT Inc.
- Carlson Holdings
- SupplyCore Inc
http://www.mdm.com/2011_industrial_mdm-market-leaders
Top 40 Methodology
Read MDM's premium report on the Industrial Distribution Sector.
Not a subscriber? Order the entire 2011 MDM Market Leaders and Distribution Landscape Report, or subscribe today for full access.
Here's the list of top distributors in the industrial sector:
View 2010 Rankings.
- Ferguson/Wolseley Canada
- HD Supply
- Grainger
- Airgas
- McJunkin Red Man Corp.
- Motion Industries
- Fastenal
- Wilson/CE Franklin
- McMaster Carr
- Applied Industrial Technologies
- Sonepar
- MSC Industrial Direct
- WinWholesale Inc.
- Interline Brands
- Kaman Industrial Technologies
- Wurth - North America
- DXP Enterprises
- F.W. Webb
- Barnes Logistics and Manufacturing Services
- BDI
- Turtle & Hughes
- Industrial Distribution Group
- Lewis-Goetz & Co. Inc.
- Lawson Products
- Kinecor
- SunSource LP
- DGI Supply, a DoAll Company
- RS Hughes Co.
- Strategic Distribution (SDI)
- Hisco
- Gas and Supply Co.
- Perry Supply Inc.
- Canadian Bearings
- Berendsen Fluid Power
- Bossard America
- Womack Machine Supply Co.
- FCX Performance
- Kimball Midwest
- IBT Inc.
- BlackHawk Industrial
MRO的利潤和規(guī)模效應
說到MRO的短處,,那就是產品整理繁雜,,由于產品涉及的面非常廣,往往耗時耗精力整理產品線,但MRO的產品線梳理恰恰反映了CATEGORY MANAGEMENT的重要性,,公司開張的時候,,這份工作大可以讓人力成本較低的銷售去做,沒有太多的戰(zhàn)略性,,只是一股腦得把產線和品牌鋪開,,但后續(xù)這個工作必須轉移至采購,象Grainger一樣,,由專職的產品工程師,,也就是管理產線的采購供應鏈部門去搞,一方面要一定產品和相對應產品搭配,,一方面要扶持可帶來更大利潤的供應商或品牌商,,甚至貼牌,同時還要從銷售部門尋找數據支持,,找到需求的規(guī)律性,,不見得一定要和客戶溝通交流,看看銷售數據,,從銷售的表現來預測市場走向,。